Prevalence of pulpal and periapical disease among geriatric patients in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
Keywords:
elderly person, pulpal pathologies, periapical pathologies.Abstract
Introduction: medical, psychological and biological factors should be carefully considered by health professionals when dealing with elderly patients, for this age group is more prone to a number of conditions, among them pulpal and periapical disease.
Objective: determine the prevalence of pulpal and periapical disease among patients aged 60 and over attending the School of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Yucatán, Mexico.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional observational prospective study was conducted. The study universe was composed of the patients attending the Outpatient Clinic at the School of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Yucatán, Mexico, from August to December 2012. The sample was 74 patients aged 60 and over with some pulpal or periapical condition who accepted to participate in the study. An interview was conducted based on a dental history form allowing patients to describe their pain experience in a brief, descriptive, organized manner. Clinical examination was performed, as well as pulpal tests: thermal, percussion and palpation, and a radiographic study. Analysis was based on descriptive statistics and chi square tests.
Results: 108 dental organs were examined. 41.67 % (n= 45) presented the following pulpal pathologies: reversible pulpitis 22.22 % (n= 10), irreversible pulpitis 57.78 % (n= 26) and pulp necrosis 20 % (n= 9). 58.33 % (n= 63) presented the following periapical pathologies: acute apical periodontitis 42.85 % (n= 27), chronic apical periodontitis 15.87 % (n= 10), apical cyst 1.58 % (n= 1), acute apical abscess 27 % (n= 17) and chronic apical abscess 12.70 % (n= 8).
Conclusion: no significant differences were found between the number of teeth with pulpal disease and the number of teeth with periapical disease in this age group.
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