Pulp and periapical diseases in systemically compromised patients: Health Center of Uayma, Yucatan, Mexico
Keywords:
systemically compromised, pulpal and periapical diseases.Abstract
Introduction: accurate diagnosis of pulpal and periapical diseases is a phase in which systemic and local factors are evaluated. Diabetes is an example of chronic degenerative systemic disease. In 2012, there were 418 797 cases as well as other associated diseases, such as hypertension and renal failure in Mexico.Objective: to determine the frequency of pulpal and periapical diseases in systemically compromised patients who attended the Health Center Uayma, Yucatan, Mexico in 2013.
Methods: observational and descriptive study was conducted. The universe of study was 689 patients. A non-probabilistic, convenience sampling of 100 patients aged 18 and older, which had some kind of systemic disease and also pulpal or periapical disease. With the voluntary informed consent and a prior medical evaluation by the attending physician, a dental history, the assessment of pain signs and symptoms of pain, pulp testing (thermal and electrical), palpation and percussion and diagnostic approach with staining/transillumination were made as well as radiographic periapical images were taken, analyzed and interpreted to confirm the diagnosis of periapical diseases. Summary statistics was used for data processing.
Results: sixty-seven percent of patients had pulpal or periapical diseases. One hundred and six dental organs were analyzed, 41.5 % showed pulpal diseases and 58.5 % periapical diseases, being the chronic dentoalveolar abscess with 45.2 % the predominant one. Prevailing systemic disease was diabetes mellitus with 38 % of cases, accompanied with hypertension in 17 % and epilepsy in 1 % of patients. In the diabetic patients, the most common disease was the periapical one for 53.6 %.
Conclusions: the systemically compromised patient faces highly frequent pulpal and periapical diseases. They may result from the response of the dental pulp to the lack of timely odontologic treatment and the systemic condition of the patient.
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