Association between dental caries and antihypertensive medication use in older adults
Keywords:
Aged, elderly, dental caries, antihypertensive agents, hypertension, CubaAbstract
Introduction: Dental caries is an oral disease related to the use of antihypertensive drugs in older adults.
Objective: To determine the association between the occurrence of dental caries and the use of antihypertensive drugs in a group of older adults.
Methods: An observational, analytical, case-control study was conducted in the Argentina Sur community attached to the Dentistry Service of the 14 de Junio Polyclinic, Jobabo municipality, Las Tunas province, Cuba, from January to December 2022. The population consisted of older adults (60-89 years) of both sexes, from which 85 cases and 170 controls (two controls per case) were selected by simple random probability sampling, 161 women (63.1%) and 94 men (36.9%) for a total of 255 participants. The variables studied were dental caries and antihypertensive medication use by type (thiazide diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and calcium channel blocker). OR were obtained using the Mantel-Haenszel Chi-squared hypothesis test with a significance level (α) of 0.05.
Results: A causal association was found between the occurrence of dental caries and the use of thiazide diuretics (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.33-4.43; p = 0.006) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.30-3.82; p = 0.005), whereas the results were not statistically significant for calcium channel blockers (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.64-3.03; p = 0.537).
Conclusions: We found evidence of an association between dental caries and the use of antihypertensive thiazide diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in this population of older adults, but not for calcium channel blockers.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Lian Cristino Nuñez Peña, Liuba González Espangler, Ana Ibis Bosch Nuñez, Lázaro Ibrahim Romero García, Maritania Balleuxs Pereira
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