Psychometric Properties of the Oral Health Impact Profile in Peruvian Patients with Chronic Diseases
Keywords:
quality of life; chronic disease; health surveys; validation study; psychometricsAbstract
Introduction: Patients with chronic diseases often experience a greater impact of oral health on their quality of life. This highlights the need for continuous monitoring using valid, reliable, and easy-to-administer instruments.
Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Oral Health Impact Profile in Peruvian patients with chronic diseases.
Methods: A multicenter instrumental study involving 288 patients diagnosed with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or obesity, who were receiving care at primary care centers within a healthcare network in Peru. A descriptive analysis of the items was conducted, and construct validity was explored using Horn’s parallel analysis and factor analysis. Discriminant validity, associations with external variables, and reliability were assessed.
Results: A shortened version of the instrument comprising five items was validated; these items were grouped into a single-factor structure that explained 70.65% of the total variance and demonstrated adequate model fit. The items and the total score demonstrated good discriminant validity. Preliminary evidence of an association with a theoretically related external variable, as well as associations with sociodemographic and clinical variables, was consistent; likewise, internal consistency was supported by various test statistics.
Conclusions: The OHIP-5 demonstrated adequate metric properties in Peruvian patients with chronic diseases. Its use is recommended in research and in future validation studies.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Bladimir Becerra-Canales, Patricia Cecilia Castillo-Romero, Richard Reymundo Reyes-Reduciendo, Nilo Junes-Cordero, Andrés Plasencia-Campos, Shirley Franco-Sardon, Miguel Ángel Hernández-López
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