Evaluation of the solubility of endodontic sealers based on calcium silicate: premixed versus powder-liquid
Keywords:
Dental cements, root canal filling materials, Solubility, PeruAbstract
Introduction: Bioceramic endodontic sealers derived from calcium silicate, stand out for their favorable biological and physicochemical properties. Their popularity is due to their bioactivity and biocompatibility, although some studies indicate a high solubility, which could affect the quality of endodontic filling over time.
Objective: To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the solubility of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers in premixed and powder-liquid presentation.
Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed database was searched in August 2023. Studies written in English and less than five years old were included. Preprints and reviews were excluded. We measured the risk of bias of the studies. The maximum and minimum average solubility percentages of premixed and powder-liquid calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers were compared.
Results: Nine studies were selected, that reported average solubility percentages. The solubility of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers varied according to their presentation and the immersion medium used. In deionized water, the powder-liquid sealers showed greater solubility (BioRoot RCS, 19.3% vs. BC-Endosequence, 4.6%). In phosphate buffered saline, the premixed sealers were more soluble (Total Fill BC, 32.1% vs. BioRoot RCS, 1.78%) as well as in distilled water (Bio-C Sealer, 20.53% vs. BioRoot RCS, 16.51%).
Conclusions: The solubility of powder-liquid calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers did not differ from that of premixed sealers. This may be due to several factors, including their high water solubility, the use of different aqueous media for solubility testing, and the use of different measurement standards. In addition, there was considerable variability in the way results were reported in the studies reviewed, making comparisons difficult, and it was the major limitation of this study.
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