Condylar fracture
Keywords:
mandibular condyle, bone fractures, fracture fixation, maxillary fixation techniques.Abstract
Introduction: the condyle represents a weak structural point in the mandibular skeleton.
Objective: to perform a bibliographic review on anatomical considerations, diagnosis, classification, treatment and complications of condylar fractures.
Methods: abibliographic review was carried out in August 2016. Journals of impact in the Web of Sciences (17 journals), 2 books and 1 CD were evaluated. The databases MedLine, PubMed and ScieELO were consulted with the descriptors: "condylar fracture," "treatment," and "epidemiology." Articles in English were included, preferably from the last 5 years. 111 articles were obtained. The study was circumscribed to 34.
Analysis and integration of information: the anatomical considerations of the condylar region are a starting point in this topic. The diagnosis is based on the interrogation, physical examination and diagnostic aids. Accurate classification allows choosing the therapeutic modality to be used and avoiding complications.
Conclusions: the review of the literature makes it possible to specify that there are anatomical reasons for the high incidence of fractures of the mandibular condylar process. The first objective of the interrogation is to obtain an accurate history of the patient. The regional physical examination must be comprehensive. The panoramic radiograph is a good option for the diagnosis. The first step in the development of a treatment plan is to establish what type of injury has been suffered, in order to provide an adequate solution using open and closed techniques and avoid later complications.
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