Tasa de éxito de cirugías apicales realizadas en un posgrado de Endodoncia. Un estudio observacional retrospectivo
Resumen
Introducción: Las cirugías apicales se realizan de forma rutinaria en los posgrados de Endodoncia en instituciones de educación superior. Aunque la tasa de éxito y los factores pronósticos intraoperatorios de estas intervenciones se han determinado en estudios previos, es necesario una retroalimentación constante para la revisión y ajuste de los protocolos clínicos utilizados.
Objetivo: Determinar la tasa de éxito y los factores pronósticos intraoperatorios de cirugías apicales realizadas en un posgrado de Endodoncia.
Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal basado en la evaluación de registros clínicos y radiográficos de pacientes sometidos a cirugías apicales. Se revisó un total de 840 historias clínicas, de las cuales 97 registraron 108 cirugías apicales. Se seleccionaron finalmente 52 casos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los factores pronósticos intraoperatorios evaluados fueron: la magnificación, el tipo de colgajo, el protocolo de retropreparación, el material de retroobturación y el tipo de sutura. Las radiografías posoperatorias y de control se evaluaron por un observador previamente calibrado, utilizando la escala de Molven. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el software Minitab, tablas de contingencia y la prueba t.
Resultados: La tasa de éxito fue del 78,84 %. Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la escala de Molven (p ≤ 0,001). No fue posible establecer la relación de los factores pronósticos intraoperatorios con la tasa de éxito.
Conclusiones: Las cirugías apicales realizadas mostraron una tasa de éxito aceptable y esta podría aumentar con seguimientos clínicos y radiográficos a largo plazo.
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Referencias
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