Publique un comentario 
Descargar PDF
Relación entre factores socioeconómicos y salud bucal en estudiantes de una zona rural peruana
Resumen
Introducción: La salud bucal de los estudiantes de zonas rurales es un problema prioritario de salud pública en el Perú.
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre factores socioeconómicos y salud bucal en estudiantes de una zona rural peruana.
Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 604 estudiantes de una zona rural peruana, los que fueron seleccionados por conveniencia. Se evaluaron los factores socioeconómicos mediante un cuestionario estructurado y la salud bucal a través de una ficha epidemiológica con los indicadores: Índice CPOD, índice de significancia de caries dental (SIC), índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S), índice de consecuencias clínicas de caries no tratadas (PUFA), la evaluación fue realizada con luz natural por observadores calibrados. Los datos se analizaron en el programa STATA v.14 mediante tablas de distribución de frecuencias y figuras. La relación de cada uno de los factores socioeconómicos con la experiencia de la caries dental se evaluó mediante pruebas de regresión logística binarias simples.
Resultados: La prevalencia de caries dental fue de 85,26 % (CPOD = 6,60, SIC = 7,23) y la prevalencia de caries dental no tratada fue 61,75 % . La condición de higiene oral más frecuente fue regular.
Conclusiones: El nivel de instrucción analfabeto, la responsabilidad familiar y la ocupación independiente de los padres mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa con la experiencia de caries dental de sus hijos en un área rural peruana (p < 0,001).Palabras clave
Referencias
Stein C, Santos NML, Hilgert JB, Hugo FN. Effectiveness of oral health education on oral hygiene and dental caries in schoolchildren: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018 [access: 10/10/2019]; 46(1):30-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28815661
GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017 [access: 09/10/2019]; 390(10100):1211-59. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140-6736(17)32154-2
Alzahrani AAH, Alhassan EM, Albanghali MA. Association between oral diseases and impact on daily performance among male Saudi schoolchildren. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2019 [access: 10/01/2020]; 5(6):655-64. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31890302
Ruff RR, Senthi S, Susser SR, Tsutsui A. Oral health, academic performance, and school absenteeism in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc. 2019 [access: 10/10/2019]; 150(2):111-21. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30473200
Soldani F, Wu J. School based oral health education. Evid Based Dent. 2018 [access: 11/10/2019]; 19(2):36-7. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29930371
Schmoeckel J, Santamaria RM, Splieth CH. Long-term caries development in schoolchildren and the role of educational status. Quintessence Int. 2015 [access: 10/10/2019]; 46(5):409-15. Available from: https://qi.quintessenz.de/index.php?doc=abstract&abstractID=33534/
Farmer J, Phillips RC, Singhai S, Quiñonez C. Inequalities in oral health: Understanding the contributions of education and income. Can J Public Health. 2017 [access: 11/10/2019]; 108(3):240-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28910244
Gutiérrez C, Romaní-Romaní F, Wong P, Del Carmen S. Gap between population coverage and health benefits: A challenge for health reform in Peru. An. Fac. Med. 2018 [access: 12/10/2019]; 79(1):65-70. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-55832018000100012
García-Zavaleta C. Equity and oral health. Rev Estomatol Herediana. 2015 [access: 12/10/2019]; 25 (2):85-6. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.pe/pdf/reh/v25n2/a01v25n2.pdf
Hernández-Vásquez A, Azañedo D, Díaz-Seijas D, Bendezú-Quispe G, Arroyo-Hernández H, Vilcarromero S, et al. Access to oral health services in children under twelve years of age in Peru. Salud Colect. 2014 [access: 12/10/2019]; 12(3):429-41. Available from: https://www.scielosp.org/article/scol/2016.v12n3/429-441/
Perú. Ministerio de Salud. Oficina General de Epidemiología. Prevalencia nacional de caries dental, fluorosis del esmalte y urgencia de tratamiento en escolares de 6 a 8, 10, 12 y 15 años, Perú. 2001-2002. Lima (Perú): Ministerio de Salud; 2005.
Fajardo-Gutiérrez A. Measurement in epidemiology: prevalence, incidence, risk, impact measures. Rev. Alerg. Méx. 2017 [access: 13/10/2019]; 64(1):109-20. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-91902017000100109&lng=es
González-Ferrer V, Alegret-Rodríguez M, Martínez-Abreu J, González-Ferrer Y. Dental caries risk index. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2017 [access: 12/10/2019]; 54(1):34-47. Available from: http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/974/336
Nishi M, Stjernswärd J, Carlsson P, Bratthall D. Caries experience of some countries and areas expressed by the Significant Caries Index. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30(4):296-301.
Greene JC, Vermillion JR. The Oral Hygiene Index: a method for classifying oral hygiene status. J Am Dent Assoc. 1960;61(1): 29-35.
Monse B, Heinrich-Weltzien R, Benzian H, Holmgren C, van Palenstein Helderman W. PUFA – An Index of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2010 [access: 12/10/2019]; 38(1):77-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20002630
World Health Organization (WHO). Oral Health Surveys. 5th ed. Ginebra: WHO; 2013. https://www.who.int/oral_health/publications/9789241548649/en/
Farooqi FA, Khabeer A, Moheet IA, Khan SQ, Farooq I, ArRejaie AS. Prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth and its relation with tooth brushing habits among schoolchildren in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2015;36(6):737-42. DOI: 10.15537/smj.2015.6.10888
Garcia-Jau R, Villalobos-Rodelo J, Gastelum-Garcia, V, Sánchez-Cuevas G, Moreno-Terrazas E, Gastelum-Garcia A. Oral health conditions and hygiene degree in Sinaloa schoolchildren. Rev Méx Med Forense. 2019;4 (Suppl 1):118-20.
San Martin I, Yerovi E, Calderón J, San Martin M. Study of dental morbidity in students from 6 to 12 years of the “Ayangue” Educational Unit, in the period April-January 2018. Revista Mapa. 2019 [access: 12/10/2019]; 6(15):120-35. Available from: http://www.revistamapa.org/index.php/es/article/view/142/152
Akinyamoju CA, Dairo DM, Adeoye IA, Akinyamoju AO. Dental caries and oral hygiene status: Survey of schoolchildren in rural communities, Southwest Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2018 [access: 14/10/2019]; 25(4):239-45. Available from: http://www.npmj.org/article.asp?issn=1117-1936;year=2018;volume=25;issue=4;spage=239;epage=245;aulast=Akinyamoju
Aquino-Canchari C, Cuya-Salvatierra G. Dental caries and body mass among Peruvian schoolchildren. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2018 [access: 12/10/2019]; 55(3):1-8. Available from. http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/1666
Castillo JL, Palma C, Cabrera-Matta A. Early Childhood Caries in Peru. Front Public Health. 2019 [access: 14/01/2020]; 7(1):337-44. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31803704
Ferrazano GF, Sangianantoni G, Cantile T, Ingenito A. Relationship Between Social and Behavioural Factors and Caries Experience in Schoolchildren in Italy. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2016;14(1):55-61.
Kumar S, Kumar A, Badiyani B, Kumar A, Basak D, Ismail MB. Oral health impact, dental caries experience, and associated factors in 12-15-year-old school children in India. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2017 [access: 14/10/2019]; 29(2):1-6. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26360493
Carrasco-Loyola M, Orejuela-Ramirez F. Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in preschool and school children of public educational institutions. Rev Estomatol Herediana. 2018 [access: 14/10/2019]; 28(4):223-8. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1019-43552018000400002
Kamran R, Farooq W, Faisal MR, Jahangir F. Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries assessed using PUFA index and its covariates in children residing in orphanages of Pakistan. BMC Oral Health. 2017;11(17):108-14.
Mota-Veloso I, Soares ME, Alencar BM, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Ramos-Jorge J. Impact of untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences on the oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren aged 8-10 years. Qual Life Res. 2016;25(1):193-9.
Hernández-Vásquez A, Vilcarromero S, Rubilar-Gonzales J. Neglect of oral health in children as a public health problem in Perú. Rev Perú Med Exp Salud Pública. 2015 [access: 14/10/2019]; 32(3): 604-5. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26580948
Barros VA, Costa SM, Zanin L, Flório FM. Evaluation of an educational activity in the oral health of students. Int J Dent Hyg. 2017 [access: 14/10/2019]; 15(1):23-9. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/idh.12152
Freitas Fernandes LH, Mariz da Costa FC, Temóteo Brandt LM, Cabral Xavier AF, Costa Aguiar YP; Gomes dos Santos F, et al. Hábitos de higiene bucal e condição periodontal de escolares adolescentes. Revista Brasileira de Ciências da Saúde. 2016;20(1):37-42.
Furuta M, Ekuni D, Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Oruga T, et al. Sex differences in gingivitis relate to interaction of oral health behaviors in young people. J Periodontol. 2011 [access: 14/01/2020]; 82(4):558-65. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20936916
Dickson-Swiff V, Kenny A, Gussy M, De Silva AM, Farmer J, Bracksley-O’Grady S. Supervised toothbrushing programs in primary schools and early childhood settings: A scoping review. Community Dent Health. 2017;34(4):208-25.
Chaffee BW, Featherstone JDB, Zhan L. Pediatric Caries Risk Assessment as a predictor of caries outcomes. Pediatr. Dent. 2017;15(39):219-32.
Howenstein J, Kumar A, Casamassimo PS, McTigue D, Coury D, Yin H. Correlating parenting styles with child behavior and caries. Pediatr Dent. 2015 [access: 14/10/2019]; 37(1):59-64. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25685975
Mattos MG, Fernandez CA, Masterson D, Maia LC, Neves AA. Is the caregivers' oral health related to dental caries in children or adolescents? A Systematic review. Clin. Oral Investig. 2019 [access: 14/10/2019]; 3-12. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Mattos+M+dental+caries
Gaeta M, Cavazos J, Cabrera M. Habilidades autorregulatorias e higiene bucal infantil con el apoyo de los padres. Self-regulatory skills and children's oral hygiene with parental support. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud. 2017 [access: 14/10/2019]; 15(2): 965-78. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rlcs/v15n2/v15n2a12.pdf
Pulache J, Abanto J, Oliveira LB, Bönecker M, Porras JC. Exploring the association between oral health problems and oral health-related quality of life in Peruvian 11- to 14-year-old children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2016;26(2):81-90.
