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Motivos de mortalidad dental por continentes en los últimos 20 años
Resumen
Introducción: Las razones de la pérdida dentaria han sido bien definidas desde hace varios siglos. Sin embargo, sistematizar sobre las causas en los primeros años del presente siglo aportaría una visión de cómo se manifiestan en la actualidad.
Objetivo: Determinar las principales causas de mortalidad dental en los últimos 20 años.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando los motores de búsqueda booleanos en la plataforma de búsqueda bibliográfica de PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO. Las palabras clave utilizadas para la búsqueda fueron MesH: causa, motivo, mortalidad, extracción, extracción dental, pérdida y una combinación entre ellas. Se incluyeron artículos en español e inglés. Se realizó una calibración entre los autores para la evaluación de los artículos a seleccionar.
Resultados: Como resultado de la búsqueda se obtuvieron 593 artículos, de los cuales 16 fueron de Web of Science, 39 de Scopus, 531 de Pubmed y 1 de SciELO. Los artículos incluidos en el estudio fueron 26. Predominaron las investigaciones publicadas en inglés (80,8 %), que destacó entre los motivos de mortalidad dental estudiados, se encontró un predominio de caries dental (92,30 %) y enfermedad periodontal (50,0 %).
Conclusiones: La evidencia obtenida en los últimos 20 años para determinar las principales razones de extracción dentaria por continentes es insuficiente y se observa la poca presencia de artículos en poblaciones de países con mayor desarrollado y número de habitantes de cada continente. Los artículos incluidos mostraron un predominio de la caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal como los principales motivos de extracción dentaria.Palabras clave
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